Strategic Company Overview of Wimm-Bill-Dann

Strategic Company Overview of Wimm-Bill-Dann The objectives of a business are to achieve growth, become profitable and to satisfy the customers needs. Many businesses have not optimally achieved this but Wimm-Bill-Dann has utilized their strategies in achieving a significant growth and this has been through mergers and acquisitions. Company overview Wimm-Bill-Dann is a Russian company that deals with dairy products, nectars, fruit juices and baby food. It is a market leader across the Russian territory with its bestsellers, J-7 juice and agusha baby food. Its market extends from Russia, former soviet republics and 10 other countries all with more than 280 million consumers. Wimm-Bill-Dann has 37 plants in Russia, Ukraine, Georgia and central Asia. The company mission is ensuring that families live a healthy life by enjoying the companys nutritious products each day throughout their entire lifespan. The company has several committees whose aim is to ensure that the companys objectives are achieved. These committees include audit committee, investment and strategic planning committee and personnel and compensation committee. The audit committees goals and objectives are to assist the board of directors in carrying their responsibility in matters concerning preparation of financial statements, ensuring that there is an effective internal control, ensuring liaising and working with internal auditors and keeping with the requirements of legislative and normative acts. The audit committee may meet once per quarter fiscal year. The investment and strategic planning committee assists the directors in approving and carrying out its responsibility concerning mergers and acquisitions, strategic planning and investment programs. The committee meets not less than once in each quarter of a fiscal year. The personnel and compensation committee assist in the selection of the board of directors and help in the formulation and implementing of uniform personnel policy in all of its branches, personnel appraisal, training policy, dismissal of employees, remuneration and compensation policy and corporate ethics. The company is committed to the principles of transparency and corporate governance that is excellent. The corporate governance strength include high level of shareholder arrangement transparency, commitment to the practice of good corporate governance and the statement of the corporate governance code, being open to the investors where high level of financial and operational transparency is maintained and the presence of an effective and efficient oversight mechanism for the internal and external audit process. Financial strategies The company has solid financial strategies which ensure that it maintains financial stability and growth as depicted by its results. One of the company strategies in raising finances to fund its ambitious objective of acquisitions is the placing of bonds. The recent placing of bonds by the company was on 15th march 2008 with Moscow inter-bank currency exchange and this attracted a large number of investors. This attraction of many investors shows the great trust investors have with the company. The company financial results show that it has been on the growth phase. The results are analysed quarterly from 3 months of 2007 to 3 months of 2008.This is shown in the table below. 3 Months of 2007 6months of 2007 9 months of 2007 Financial year 2007 3 months of 2008 Gross sales rose 40.1% year-on-year to US$542.8 million rose 40.5% year-on-year to US$1,142.8 million rose 40.4% year-on-year to US$1,758.3 million 38.4% growth to US$2,438.3 million rose 34.8% year-on-year to US$731.9 million Gross profit increased 53.3% with gross margins increasing to 32.0% from 29.3% increased 48.8% to US$377.8 million increased 43.4% to US$578.4 million increased 26.2% to US$219.5 million increased 26.2% to US$219.5 million Operating income income increased 73.1% to US$51.4 million rose 44.3% to US$108.4 million rose 30.2% to US$168.3 million rose 24.5% to US$214.0 million increased 23.2% to US$63.4 million net income increased 84.8% to US$32.1 million increased 40.8% to US$65.8 million rose 30.2% to US$168.3 million increased 29.0% to US$140.0 million EBTDA increased 58.8% to US$70.4 million, EBITDA margin1 increased to 13.0% from 11.4% increased 40.3% to US$147.2 million increased 30.9% to US$229.4 million increased 29.0% to US$90.7 million increased 29.0% to US$90.7 million Earning per Share grew to US$2.40 from US$1.50 grew to US$3.18 from US$2.17 increased 30.6% to US$41.9 million The company profit has been growing at a high rate and this shows that there is an increase in sales of the products of the company and hence the business has managed to achieve one of the objectives of becoming profitable. We also see that earning per share is on the increase and this proves that the capital base of the company is on an increasing trend and so the investors are reaping from their investment. Diversification and acquisition strategy of Wimm-Bill-Dann Diversification of products involves manufacture and the sale of different line of products. This is important in reducing risks in an organization as risks will be spread within different portfolios. In order to expand and get hold of its market, Wimm-Bill-Dann has effectively used the merger and acquisition strategy to expand its business. The company has different range of products from milk products, bottled water and different kind of juice which provide its customers with a wide choice of products to purchase. One of the greatest acquisitions by Wimm-Bill-Dann is the acquisition of 95% stake in Depsona ZAO which is a leading Tula based juice and concentrates plant worth 34 million USA dollars. After this acquisition, Wimm-Bill-Dann placed itself strategically as a major fruit juice and concentrate producer in central Russia. The acquisition has given Wimm-Bill-Dann a chance to access locally grown raw material hence minimizing production cost. Depsona products were under three brands which are Depsona, Fructopak and limbo. The factory is use to produce Wimm-Bill-Dann brands national brands and act as a distribution hub for them. On September 2006, Wimm-Bill-Dann Foods announced 100% acquisition of charter capital of Surgut city Dairy plant of Russia which was the largest milk processing plant in the region. The acquisition has enabled Wimm-Bill-Damm to be a leading company and to expand its market of Ural and Siberia. This acquisition has enabled the company to reduce the expenditure on logistics since there is reduced need for transporting products within different regions. Wimm-Bill-Dann now produces under its own brand at Surgut dairy. On September 2003, Will-Bill-Dann food announced the acquisition of an additional 47.7% of the equity capital of Ufamolagroprom hence increasing its total shareholding to 97%. Ufamolagroprom is the largest plant for the processing and production of dairy products in the republic of Bashkortostan. Originally the plant had a capacity of production of 240 tons of processed milk but now it has a capacity of 600 tons. The plant produce is sold under well-known Russian brands such as happy milk man, doctor Bifi and wonder. The brands distinct and attractive packaging gives it an upper hand in the market. In October 2007, Wimm-Bill-Dann acquired Georgian foods ltd which is based in Tbilisi, Georgia. This is in the companys strategy of growing its business by purchase of high performing companies with strong brand portfolio and having a large market size. Georgia food is one of the largest dairy producers in Georgia. This will enable the company to serve local demand of Georgia and supply the products to the adjacent market of Armenia and Azerbaijan. In September 2003, Wimm-Bill-Dann acquired Essentuki water production and bottling facilities. The company acquired OOOHealing spring which produces Essentuki brand mineral water and OOOGeyser, owner of Essentuki water wells. The transaction was worth 4 million US dollars. This resulted in the manufacturing facility of Wimm-Bill-Dann to be 24. Through this acquisition, the company has been able to provide its customer with highest quality goods as per its strategy in ensuring that the customer needs are satisfied. In 2006, Wimm-Bill-Dann announced the acquisition of Molka Company in Russias Irkutsk region, one of the largest companies that processes milk in eastern Siberia. The purchase of Molka allows Wimm-Bill-Dann to expand into the Siberian market. The companys presence in Irkutsk allows the company to reduce the expenditure incurred during the transportation of the products. Risk management strategy The company has several risks which it faces whilst in operation. Currency risk is one of the risks that the company faces as most of its sales are in Rubles, while bulk cost is in hard currency. Operational risks which occur when there is a disruption of raw material supply and increase in the price of raw milk. Competition risk is one of the biggest risk the company faces. The Russian economy is growing in two digit figure and due to this it has attracted the attention of both domestic and international competitors. International companies have offered the greatest challenge to the company because of their strong financial strength, they have well experienced, motivated and well learned human resource pool, strong management information system which include very modern management information system which is superior than those found in Wimm-Bill-Dann and marketing capability from these company that have a worldwide presence such as Coca-Cola company. There are several international companies which compete with WIMM-Bill-Dann, the top companies being Coca-Cola Company, Nestle and Danone. Coca cola is the largest soft drink company in the world. It owns four of the five world top brands which include Fanta, Coca-Cola, Sprite and Diet Coke. The company has worldwide recognition due to its high quality and uniformity in taste. It also has a very strong financial base and so it can easily expand to any territory in the world. Due to this, it has provided the greatest competition to soft drink segment of Wimm-Bill-Dann as most of the people have trust in its products. The company also has many franchise and high powered advertisements which are superior to wimm-bill-dann and hence offer a great competition. Nestle is the world largest food company in term of production and sales. It is also one of the largest bottled water makers, equipment for surgery and cosmetics. This company has a worldwide presence and its brands are highly respected around the world. The company has a strong financial background, good marketing strategies which provide it with a great opportunity to penetrate any market. This company has provided Wimm-Bill-Dann Company with big competition especially in the food manufacturing segment as it has penetrated Russian market Danone is one of the largest dairy food and water producers in the world. It is a world largest company producing cultured dairy products. This is the largest competitor to Wimm-Bill-Dann in the production of milk products as it has penetrated the Russian market. Human resource strategy The company has a well formulated human resources policy which ensures that the employees are highly motivated to ensure that they are productive. The company has formulated human resources strategy that is in line with those that directly deal with expanding through acquisition. The company has a policy which ensures that labour regulations are strictly followed and that all documents relating to labour law are maintained. The company ensures that the process of recruitment are fair and transparent in which there is no discrimination against sex ,age ,race or any prejudice against anyone. The company has a policy in which it ensures that employees are well compensated for their work and that they are offered good remuneration which will motivate them to perform well since people are an important entity in any organization. Staffing according to human resources strategy follows demand and supply of labour. The company has made several high level appointments recently. For example in Moscow may 12 2008,the company announced the appointment of Dmitry Ivanov as the chief financial officers who has 17 years of experience in financial field. Business strategy of Wimm-Bill-Dann The company has excellently utilized its business strategy in ensuring that it leads in the market in terms of business .Before merging, water business was run separately with its own finance and marketing departments, workforce and distribution network. Merging enabled the company to reduce the cost involved in administration, selling and distribution expenses. This will allow the company to enjoy the economies of scale in terms of transportation and distributorship. Also to reduce the overall cost, the dairy business was restructured so that all the transactions are directed from a central point where there is the overall management. In order to increase the output of milk, the company built a mega farm complex near St Petersberg. The farm has more than 1200 milking cows. Information system strategy The company has a modern information system strategy which ensures that work in the company is well organized and made easier. The company uses Oracle, a provider of enterprise software. This project covers all the key areas of the corporate activity which include marketing, finance, distribution, logistics and distribution at all of the companys enterprises in Russia. These processes assist in quick and effective management decision and ensure that they are successfully completed. New ERP system assists in the finance department especially in accounting reporting in both Russian standards and international standards. Marketing strategy The company has a well-developed market strategy which has enabled it to perform well in Russia. It has different brands and through this, it provides the consumer with a wide choice. Through vigorous advertisement, it has been able to capture the attention of many customers in Russia and other part of Russia. After acquisition of different companies, it has maintained the original brand names and packaging. This is important as it will maintain the old customer for the brands of the acquired company. Strategies that should be put to ensure that the company achieves further growth Marketing strategy Although the company has a solid marketing strategy but it has to put more effort in having access to the global market. It should put more effort in promotion of its products to other parts of the world that it has not accessed the market. It should explore potential market such as countries in Africa. The Company should borrow ideas from the strategies set by the Coca Cola Company. The company should also consider operating under franchise system in ensuring that its products are well distributed to the market. The company should increase the number and variety of products and through this, the company will provide its customer with a choice of products to choose from. The company should ensure that its branding and packaging are of high standard and should change with customers change in taste and fashion. The company should consider using marketing tools such as swot analysis in ensuring that it maintains its control of Russian market and as a mean to survive in an environment that has stiff competition. Information system strategy Although the company has an efficient management information system such as ERP accounting software, it should consider using more than one software when performing a given task. It should look for a way in which the systems are integrated. This is to ensure that efficiency is maintained and the work done is accurate. This will also ensure that fraud activities are minimized. Merger and acquisition strategy The company should maintain its strategy in merging and acquiring other companies. It should consider buying stakes in competing companies to reduce the effect of stiff competition from major multinational companies. For example it would be wise if they considered buying some stakes in the Coca Cola Company. Through this, it will borrow some ideas and skills concerning the businesses and hence improve on its performance. The company should acquire more companies in the markets in which it has not ventured. For example; it should buy companies in African countries such as those in South Africa. Human resources strategy It is people who make an organization to grow. To ensure that it has a rich pool of human resources, it should consider efficient training for workers to keep them updated on new skills so that the company can keep pace with other major multinational company in terms of human resources. The company should also increase the number of university fresh graduates who are undergoing management training. This is important in that it will gain new skills and different ideas from these graduates and this will assist the company in growth. Conclusion Will-Bill-Dann is a promising company with one of the best strategies. Its acquisition strategy has made the company to have good reputation and respect. Through its hardwork and well thought policies, the company is fast growing into one of the largest multinational companies. Through this, the company acts as a role model for other companies to emulate it.

Changing a Qualitative Research Into a Quantitative Study Essay

Fry and her colleagues undertook a qualitative research to develop a moral distress model in military nursing. Using the same problem statement, literature analysis and background information, this paper aims at converting the qualitative study carried out by Fry and her colleagues into a quantitative study. The study entails setting different research questions and collecting data that aims at addressing these questions. The process proceeds by a review background information and the problem statement. The final state of the process is formulating a new quantitative study question. Qualitative research problem Moral distress is a critical concern in military nursing considering the harsh and complex environments under which military nurses operate in. Literature has established a conceptualised model of moral distress, which starts with initial moral distress symptoms that leads to reactive distress behaviour which results from the effects of the former. There are various factors that cause the occurrence of moral distress in nursing. Considering the environmental differences of military and civilian nursing practice, it is evident that the prevalence of moral distress varies. Quantitative research purpose The main objective of this quantitative study is to contribute to the knowledge base about military nursing moral distress. The knowledge drawn from the research findings will be informative in designing conceptual models of moral distress in military nursing and developing policies for expediting the problem. Quantitative research question The qualitative research question was: Do military nurses experience the dimensions of the conceptualised moral distress described in the problem statement? In response to this question, Fry and her colleagues established four guiding research objectives. They include identification of moral distress experience among the United States Nurse Corps officers; construction of a moral distress model for moral distress experience among military nurses; development of a valid and reliable tool to measure moral distress in military nursing and the identification of the moral distress dimensions among military nurses. The new research question is: What is the prevalence of moral distress in military nursing? The research objectives associated with the aforementioned quantitative question include: (1) To establish the prevalence of moral distress among the Nurse Corps officers of the United States who have ever participated in the military crisis and (2) to establish the percentage of military nurses to develop reactive moral distress behaviour after suffering initial moral distress. Quantitative research sample The qualitative research sample comprised of 13 United States Army Nurse Corps Officers who have ever been deployed in military crisis zones from 1980 and latter. Seven of the thirteen nurses who took part in the research study were males. Six of them had been deployed in Bosnia, Three in Vietnam and four in the Persian Gulf War. The new study sample will include the retired and current United States military nurses who have ever been deployed in the military crisis zones. The large sample size is essential in identifying an inclusive sample representative of 1500 participants to give a higher validity and reliability of the research findings. Participants will be recruited through random selection of nurses who have ever been deployed to military crisis zones. The use of randomised selection of participants improves the validity of the overall results. Qualitative research limitations The first limitation as seen from the study is the use of snowballing sampling which reduces the validity of the overall findings. The second weakness of qualitative study relates to the sample’s small size. The final research findings of qualitative research lack generalizability due to the small sample size. The third weakness of qualitative research is the long time it takes to gather research data through interviews. The fourth eakness is the difficulties encountered in the analysis of the research data. It is not practical to apply statistical methods and tools in the analysis of qualitative study data. The limitations of the new quantitative research findings include: (1) the logical difficulties of getting a large sample size of 1500 participants; (2) the cost implications. It is costly to carry out a research involving such a large sample size. The third limitation is the inability of quantitative study to capture real sample dynamics that are guaranteed by structured interviews (Creswell, 1999). Qualitative Informed Consent and use of IRB The given study satisfied all the ethical research considerations. The researchers obtained the participant’s informed consent and also upheld the duty of confidentiality. The institutional review boards’ approvals were also sought before commencement of the research (Fry et al. , 2002). In the quantitative research study, ethical research considerations involved obtaining research approval from relevant institutional review boards. The research preamble instructions outlined the duty of confidentiality owed by the researcher to the participants. Participation in the phenomenal research study was also voluntary upon acquisition the consents of the participants. Qualitative Research Design and Philosophical Connectedness (underpinnings) The research design has two phases. The first phase entailed a review of the current literature to establish a conceptual moral distress model. The second phase entailed a structured interview with 13 participants who satisfied the inclusion criteria to collect the required research data. The final research findings were used in validation of the conceptualized moral distress model. The quantitative research employs a phenomenological study of the experiences of the United States military nurses in military crisis deployments. The study will seek to obtain the individual encounters with situations that caused them moral distresses. The research study will also seek to establish the prevalence of reactive moral distress behaviour among the participants that suffered initial moral distresses. The research design will employ a questionnaire for data collection. The questionnaire will contain both open and closed ended questions to collect specific responses from participants and general open-ended views from participants. Quantitative Rigor of the Study Rigor is essential in quantitative research study. It raises the overall significance the research. Reliability and validity are the key dimensions of quantitative research’s rigor (Cohen, Manion, & Morrison, 2007). The use of a large sample size and probabilistic recruitment of the research participants increases the external validity of the overall research findings. The researcher should also avoid the research bias in the collection and analysis of the findings to increase the generalizability of the findings. Reliability is the measure of consistency of the research findings. It can be increased by applying similar statistical tools of analysis the results. SPSS is an accurate tool for statistical analysis of quantitative research findings using a uniform degree of freedom. The use of a self-administered questionnaire helps in maintaining anonymity, which give participants the freedom of expressing their genuine views. This is essential in reducing bias and increasing the overall validity and reliability of the research findings. The researcher should admit only completed questionnaires for final research analysis to ensure high validity and reliability of the study findings. This underpins the essence of recruiting a higher number of research participants to guarantee a high number of valid responses from the participants for analysis. Advantages of Qualitative research The main advantages of qualitative research include: (1) In-depth research of a phenomena through structured interviews and observation; (2) Flexibility of the research method to accommodate undefined variables; (3) Ability to capture the whole research information and scenes through tape recording and (4) it allows the researcher to note only relevant responses for analysis (Rubin & Babbie, 2009). Disadvantages of qualitative research The major advantages of qualitative study include: (1) subjectivity of the research findings; (2) its vulnerability to researcher’s bias; (3) It requires a lot of labour and resources; (4) limited replicability and generalizability of the research findings and (5) the difficulties encountered in analysing qualitative research data. It is laborious and time consuming (Rubin & Babbie, 2009). Advantages of quantitative research study The main strengths of quantitative research include: (1) the ease of data analysis using statistical tools; (2) the ease of statistical analysis of quantitative data makes it effective in testing hypotheses and (3) the ability to accommodate large sample sizes that increases validity and reliability of the findings. Disadvantages of quantitative research The first weakness of quantitative research is the ignorance of the research context. The second is the connectedness of the research validity with large sample sizes. It can be difficult and expensive to get a large sample size. The third weakness is the high probability of getting unreliable responses from anonymous participants.

Personality Analysis: Dispositional and Learning Theories Essay

The revision and analysis of personalities provides a restored knowledge for human behaviors and the progression in which individuals understand. Theorists had endeavored for a long time realizing further theoretical methodology. Gordon Allport researched the personalities of people for the reason that that methodology provide further meaning or characterization to individual distinctiveness and give emphasis to the distinctiveness of the person (Feist & Feist, 2009). Depicting a person with universal personality merely categorize individuals as a crowd or group. Nevertheless, Allport alleged to exactly distinguish an individual is through the means of being familiar with the individuals as personal. Individuality shows each individual be distinct and unique, no one person is alike in a way; for the reason that individuals have distinctive personalities and the capabilities to understand is atypical as well. Albert Bandura’s social cognitive theory observed the behavior in which individuals understand. Observational learning tolerates individuals to find out lacking actions or responsibilities (Feist & Feist, 2009). Principally people do find out through own encounters although learn as well from looking at different job and achievements of other people. Generally significant reasons which supply the respond to queries could be established by means of these kinds of research and development. Dispositional Theories and Personalities Allport started his study of personal psychology by means of presenting his morphogenic science. Morphogenic science is the research of a person, collecting data, and vital information concerning the person. Allport’s methodology to personality theory generates queries like what is the meaning or definition of personality, what is the role of willful stimulus in personality theory, what is the distinctiveness of the psychologically healthy individual. The queries asked by Allport lay down an institution for gaining knowledge of the fundamentals behind personalities. Personalities have an effect on an individual endeavor s and response to external motivations. Consequently, the terminology dynamic organization explains a personality like a systematic plan. Even though this plan may revolutionize, Allport apply the terminology psychophysical to depict the psychological and physical conversion in an individual (Feist & Feist, 2009). Additionally, Allport cherished the words determine, characteristic, behavior, and thought for the reason that the terminology imply that individuals are product and process, and come up with the abilities to revolutionize. Nevertheless, suggesting that personalities are simultaneously psychological and physical, as well as explicit behaviors and open thoughts (Feist & Feist, 2009). Personality is merely a word, yet is impressive and does great. Learning Theories and Personalities Bandura’s social cognitive theory deals with the importance of different personality capabilities to understand. The environment plays a major function in an individual personality and growth. Bandura’s approach to gain knowledge of personality laid on different fundamental flexibility; hypothesis, triadic reciprocal causation model as well as likelihood experiences and fortuitous events, driving force perception, external and internal reasons, and principled group (Feist & Feist, p. 478-79, 2009). Bandura come within reach of the theories of study from the essential fundamentals of his social cognitive theory. To set alight, of his hypothesis, Bandura established Observational Learning. The responsibilities individual carry out all through existence often happen from observation. For instance, children were able to learn how to eat with utensils, to hold a cup, open doors, or merely wave goodbye, by way of observations. Regrettably, good and bad behaviors could turn up by observational learning. However, Bandura social cognitive theory explains psychological implementation by triadic reciprocal causation. However, individual act happen for the reason that three variables, the environment, behavior, and the individual (Feist & Feist, 2009). Relating the three variables to every personality is very plain, since each personality is formed by the environment and a product of each behavior. Even though the character of personality due to the Social Cognitive theory makes use of an agentic view of personalities, this signifies individuals possess the capabilities to use control on their individual being. The situational behavior influence personalities besides personalities have an effect on situational behaviors. Personality Characteristics Attributes to Dispositional and Learning Theories Individuality is a concentration for Allport; he deemed personal distinctiveness is recognized by individual disposition. The intensity of individual disposition involves Cardinal, Central, and Secondary dispositions. A Cardinal disposition is a quality which govern different individual living, generally individual do not possess this feature, however for individual who do possess this features, is the manner most individual regard that individual. To exemplify a Cardinal disposition is an individual named as a Casanova. A Casanova is commonly referred to as a alluring, lover boy, appealing, and extravagant. Nevertheless, the terminology Casanova can becomes a familiar peculiarity or individuality. The second disposition is known as Central dispositions. The common of various or further Central dispositions is expected. An individual can possess five to ten outstanding individuality, these distinctiveness arrive at by the way different individuals assess one’s personality (Feist & Feist, 2009). Pinpointing terms to explicate an individual quality, way of behaving, or disposition. Subsequently, intensity of personal disposition referred to by Allport is Secondary dispositions. Even though not as noticeable as central dispositions, secondary dispositions are not predominant to our personalities, but occur habitually and are conscientious for the greater part of individual behaviors. The degree of personal disposition from Allport’s standpoint is imperative as assessed on a level. Nevertheless, assessment of inter-persons to personal dispositions will alter the development of personal dispositions to customary behavior, beating Allport’s line of reasoning. Additionally, Allport’s motivational and stylistic dispositions are obliging to essential individual needs and cause to move. An individual person who has a motivational disposition is motivated by a need. Motivational needs begin undertakings (Feist & Feist, p. 383, 2009). Stylistic disposition facilitate lead individual actions. For instance an individual would wear clothes to keep his body warm, this is motivational, and the design of clothing selected is stylistic (Feist & Feist, 2009). A personality necessitates inclination. Allport’s degree of individual dispositions, motivational, and stylistic dispositions have develop into a distinctive feature for relating personality theories. Furthermore, Bandura’s social cognitive theory in respect to Observational Learning include to the listing of personality study. The center of observational learning is modeling. Modeling is accumulating and deducting from behaviors observed, followed by taking a broad view from one observation to a further (Feist & Feist, 2009). Individuals endeavor to model their living from other individuals, picking out an individual with a prominent standing, capabilities, and supremacy. The individuality of personalities develops from the best models, in the surroundings. Influences act an important part in an individual character, however the distinctive behavior established in individuality like as disposition, physical type, and intellect is personal. An individual is born with skillfulness, capacity, and the potential to realize a large number of approaches. Personalities acquire development all the way through lifetime. Bandura’s concept of individual performance is the result of dealings of behaviors, variables, and environment (Feist & Feist, 2009). Personality individuality modeled by observational learning is logical. Individuals normally do as other individuals do, assuming an incentive is to result the actions demonstrate constancy, assuming a penalty ensue the individual is unlikely to do again the useless actions. The better the importance in which the observer puts on the conduct, the possibility of the observer doing again these actions is prominent (Feist & Feist, 2009). Dispositional and Observational Learning Theories Share a Common Bond The usual relationship shared through dispositional and observational theories is either hypothesis has the same opinion that personalities are self-motivated and distinctive for persons. Human agency, and conscious control, indicates that individuals enjoy the manner of deciding for own destiny. Motivational qualities, internal cause, external cause, stylistic, dysfunctional behaviors and appropriate purposeful self-governance are customary causes jointly allocated by dispositional theories and observational learning theories. Additionally, both theories facilitate to know personalities and behaviors and furnish a further thoroughly attitude from several resources which have carried out different process in attaining particular assumption. Conclusion In real meaning, personality study facilitates by learning personalities and behaviors. Learning and research conducted employing different systems and methods provide an improved feeling of recognition. Allport and Bandura dealt with personalities with unbiased thought and effective resources. Initiating with Allport, his personality theory arrives in the course of his positive observation of natural world. The development of personalities happens reasonably in a common environment. I agree it is factual that language, trends and styles, values, culture, and morals impact personalities; however the individuality and distinctiveness in a personality and essential motivations are the generally suggestible reasons (Feist & Feist, 2009). Remarkably, the extensive numbers of significant hypothesis in the development of theories for personalities persist to develop. Studies from former theorists keeps on to generating different assumption and concepts. Allport’s Personal dispositions aid research people to learn individualities. Allport’s goal is to uncover rejoinders to the subject; personality. What does the conscious motivation in individuality possess? What are the idiosyncrasies of the expressively vigorous individual? Bandura initiated learning through observation that contains major essentials in comprehending individualities and behaviors. A person’s performance is the outcome of shared interface of actions within the surroundings, behavior, and individual aspects (Feist & Feist, 2009). Individualities are together emotional and physical. Individuals possess the ability to study with the faculty of flexibility although individuals possess diversities both biological and social. Individualities compose the individual, the surroundings and social aspects establish the growth and continuance of individualities. The mainly significant issue to reflect on; there are no number of individuals who are similar and everyone in this world is distinct by himself.

Leadership And Its Theory Of Leadership - 883 Words

Leadership Leadership has been around for thousands of years, yet experts are still unable to agree on a universal definition. Perhaps it is because leadership is a complex, multidimensional concept that continuously evolves. Nevertheless, explaining leadership and its theories and approaches is a monumental task (Henman, n.d.). According to Day and Antonakis (2012), leadership is essentially an influencing process. Its effectiveness largely depends on leadership behaviors and followers perceptions, as well as the context in which the influencing process occurs. Early leadership theories suggested exceptional leaders are born rather than made. Currently, most researchers believe leadership skills can be learned (Carbone, 2009). Leader development is the process of expanding a person s capacity to be effective in leadership roles and processes (Uhl-Bien Ospina, 2012). This development is achieved through knowledge, experiences, and a commitment towards improvement. As mentioned, business environments are dynamic and ever changing; therefore, leadership development is a lifelong process. However, the focus of development will change over time. For example, emerging leaders might focus on identifying the purpose of specific leadership theories and evaluating their appropriateness, usefulness, and effectiveness. In contrast, seasoned leaders are in a position to polish their skills, evaluate their approach, and refine their style to ensure they remainShow MoreRelatedLeadership And Leadership Theory Of Leadership1341 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Application Jesus Cabral Brandman University The author of this paper has been in various leadership positions for over 20 years. Some positions held by the author have been team leader, Operations Manager, General Manager, and Director of Operations. The author has lead teams with various degrees of education and from many cultures. 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In another course, Organization Behavior Communication, the author of this paper was asked to identify his leadership theory, one leadership theory the author identified with was the visionary leadership style. According to the article Leadership Styles, published in the Wall Street Journal, visionary leadership requires the leader to start the employee off. Leaders that fall under the visionary leadership styles, tend to give little direction andRead MoreTheories Of Leadership And Leadership Theories1234 Words   |  5 Pagesthat they lead. This case study aims to compare three of the more popular theories of leadership. These leadership theories are situational leadership, trait theory and transformational leadership. Summary of Theories Situational leadership, developed by professor Paul Hersey and author and consultant Ken Blanchard. Their approach was based off of a 1967 article by W.J. Reddin called The 3-D Management Style Theory. In his article, Reddin discusses the need to have different styles basedRead MoreLeadership Theory, Leadership, And Leadership Theories2074 Words   |  9 Pages Leadership is the action taken to inspire and motivate followers through guiding, coaching, and mentoring. It encompasses dedication to followers, which fosters trust and commitment to the organization. Leadership is also an integral organizational role that serves to unify the team, towards a common goal and a shared vision (Northouse, 2013). Additionally, Kotter (2001) indicates that the leader is essential to effect organizational change. Hence, change is the specific action that the leaderRead MoreLeadership Theories And Theories Of Leadership1198 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership is complex and, comprises of many definitions and qualities (Grimm 2010). One definition of leadership is ‘a multifaceted process of identifying a goal, motivating other people to act, and providing support and motivation to achieve mutually negotiated goals’ (porter-O’Grady 2003). Back in 1939 Kurt Lewin researched to identify different styles of leadership. According to his res earch, there are three major styles of leadership. Authoritarian or autocratic, participative or democraticRead MoreTheories Of Leadership And Leadership Theory Essay1278 Words   |  6 PagesCONTEMPORARY THEORIES OF LEADERSHIP. Traditional theories of leadership were more concentrated on behaviours and traits of leaders, and how they affect subordinates in the workplace. Then came contingency theories, which took into account situational/contextual factors. Newer theories have come up, which introduced the idea that leader-subordinate relationships are individually different. These newer theories are Contemporary theories of leadership. They include Leader-Member exchange Theory, ImplicitRead MoreLeadership Theory And Theory Of Leadership1346 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is a state of being a leader/head of a group of people, organization, and/or country. Ken Blanchard state that As leader, we hold the lives of others in our hands, and these need to be gentle, caring and always available to provide support (pg.2). Every leader has different styles or different ways of leading his people to achieve their common goal. This paper will talk about leadership theory and will compare and contract each theory from the each other. According to the readings,Read MoreLeadership Theories Of Leadership And Leadership1356 Words   |  6 Pagesleader and leadership. Leadership is a broad term, open to interpretation. Leadership development begins with the simple realization that you want to be a leader. This literature review examines and evaluates major theories of leadership and summarizes findings from empirical research on leadership. Discuss the concept of leadership with a particular focus on the role leadership, such as collegiate organization. This literature will conclude with recommendation to enhance student leadership. LeadershipRead MoreLeadership and Leadership Theories1428 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Leadership is the acts of managing the company through organizational changes that are projected to enable the company in meeting meet its objectives. Leaders are anticipated to carry themselves in the right manner to motivate as well as, influencing the rest of the organization positively, since they act as an example to the rest of the employees in the organization (Sheahan, 2006). This paper therefore analyzes the leadership theories and the methods and tools in given situations